Professor Emeritae/i

Jerome Eckstein, Ph.D.
Columbia University

Professors

Judith R. Baskin, Ph.D. (Collins Fellow)
Yale University

Associate Professors

Daniel Grossberg, Ph.D.
New York University

Stanley J. Isser, Ph.D.
Columbia University

Assistant Professor

Mark A. Raider, Ph.D.
Brandeis University

Affiliated Faculty

Donald Birn, Ph.D.
Department of History

Sarah Blacher Cohen, Ph.D.
Department of English

Martin Edelman, Ph.D.
Department of Political Science

H.P. Salomon, Ph.D.
Department of French Studies

Walter Zenner, Ph.D.
Department of Anthropology

The Department of Judaic Studies offers courses at elementary and advanced levels in Hebrew language and literature, both modern and classical, and in the full range of Jewish history and civilization.

The department offers both a major and a minor in Judaic Studies, with the expectation that majors will acquire a good command of the Hebrew language and an extensive knowledge of Jewish history, philosophy, literature and culture.

Careers

Many students find Judaic Studies to be a broad-based liberal arts major, leading to a variety of careers, including law, medicine, journalism, library science, and business.

Special Programs or Opportunities

The State University system has arrangements with the University of Haifa, the Hebrew University, Ben-Gurion University, Tel Aviv University, and Bar-Ilan University for students who desire to spend a semester or an academic year studying in Israel; credits toward the major or minor in Judaic Studies, or minor in Hebrew will be awarded for suitable courses. This program is administered from the Albany campus and is available for majors and nonmajors.

Degree Requirements for the Major in Judaic Studies

B.A.: 36 credits with at least 12 credits at the 300 level or above, to include:

Modern Hebrew Language and Literature 6 credits in Hebrew beyond A Heb 102L, plus either 3 credits at the 300 level or above (excluding A Heb 450 and 497), or A Jst 372 or 372Z (in addition to the required elective course in literature).

Judaic Life and Thought: 18 credits as follows: A Jst 150 or A Jst 155 to be taken as early as possible, preferably in the freshman or sophomore year; 6 credits in Jewish history from among A Jst 221, 251, 252, 253, 254, 341Z, 342Z, 343Z, or 344Z, 9 credits through three 3-credit courses, one each in Philosophy, Classical Jewish Texts (biblical or rabbinic) and Literature.

Electives: 9 credits.

Other Requirements: Of the 18 credits required in Philosophy, Classical Jewish Texts (biblical or rabbinic), Literature and Elective courses, 6 credits must be at or above the 300 level. No more than 4 credits from among A Heb 450, A Jst 450, and A Jst 490 may be applied toward the major.

Relevant courses offered by other departments may also be used for credit towards the major. Students should consult with their major adviser.

Honors Program

Students may file an application for admission to the honors program in the department office in the second semester of the sophomore year or in the junior year. Junior transfers may apply at the time of their admission to the University.

The minimum requirements for admission include completion of at least 12 credits of course work applicable to the major, a minimum overall grade point average of 3.25, and a minimum 3.50 grade point average for all courses applicable toward the major.

Students in the program are required to complete all of the requirements for the major in Judaic studies. During the fall semester (preferably in the senior year,) students need to complete A Jst 495, Colloquium in Judaic Studies. In addition, 6-12 credits of intensive work culminating in a major project must be satisfactorily completed. This project will begin as a research paper in a 300- or 400-level course, including the colloquium, and will be completed through 3 or 4 credits of independent study. The honors committee will rule on the acceptability of the project at the end of the initial course (for which a grade of I is unacceptable) and will assign a faculty member, usually one selected by the student, to supervise the completion of the project. The project will be formally evaluated by the end of the third quarter of the senior year and will be submitted in final form by the end of the fourth quarter before the examination period.

Students in the honors program are required to maintain overall grade point averages of 3.25 or higher during the junior and senior years and overall grade point averages of 3.50 or higher for all courses applicable toward the major. Students not meeting the above standards may be precluded from continuing in the program.

After completion of the above requirements, the records of the candidate will be reviewed by the department, which will recommend candidates for the degree with honors in Judaic studies.

Courses in Hebrew

A Heb 101L Elementary Hebrew I (4)
Meets General Education: CHP & HA
Introduction to the fundamentals of modern spoken and written Hebrew. Class meets four times a week, plus optional sessions in the language laboratory.

A Heb 102L Elementary Hebrew II (4)
Meets General Education: CHP & HA
Continuation of A Heb 101L. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 101L or equivalent, and placement.

A Heb 201L Intermediate Hebrew I (3)
Meets General Education: CHP & HA
Readings, grammar, composition and conversation. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 102L or equivalent, and placement.

A Heb 202L Intermediate Hebrew II (3)
Meets General Education: CHP & HA
Continuation of A Heb 201L. Grammar, composition, conversation, and introduction of modern Hebrew readings. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 201L or equivalent, and placement.

A Heb 203 (same as A Rel 203) Biblical Hebrew (3)
Methods and research tools of modern Bible study. Grammar and syntax of classical Hebrew for students familiar with modern Hebrew. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 102. Only one of A Heb 203 & A Rel 203 may be taken for credit. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 297 Independent Study in Hebrew (1-6)
Directed readings and conferences on selected topics in Hebrew language and literature. May be repeated for credit when topics differ. Prerequisite(s): permission of instructor and department chair.

A Heb 307 Hebrew Composition and Conversation (3)
Intensive oral and written practice. Composition and conversation based on readings representing the development of the Hebrew language and literature. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 202L or equivalent.

A Heb 308 Readings in Hebrew Literature (3)
Study of a selected period, genre, or author of Hebrew literature. Further development of composition and conversation skills through writing short Hebrew papers and participation in discussion based on the Hebrew literature. May be repeated when topic differs. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 307 or permission of instructor.

A Heb 309 Twentieth-Century Hebrew Literature (3)
A study of selected works of Hebrew literature from the beginning of the 20th century to the present. The works studied will deal with such themes as alienation, disaster, religious and secular world views and the place of Israel. Course is conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 307 or permission of instructor. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 310 Contemporary Israeli Narrative (3)
A study of selected works of Hebrew prose literature created in Israel since 1948. Works by such authors as Appelfeld, Meged, Oz, Shachar and Yehoshua will be examined. Course is conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 307 or permission of instructor.

A Heb 311 The Short Stories of S.Y. Agnon (3)
A study of selected works by Israel's Nobel Laureate dealing with the conflict between religious and secular world views. Course is conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 307 or permission of instructor. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 390 (same as A Rel 390) Readings in Biblical Literature (3)
Studies in a selected biblical book or genre emphasizing the tools and concerns of current biblical research as applied to both classical (traditional) and modern commentaries. May be repeated when topic differs. Prerequisite(s): second year Hebrew competence, A Heb 203, or permission of instructor. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 391 (same as A Rel 391) Wisdom Literature in the Bible (3)
A study of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes as representatives of Biblical Wisdom literature. The literary form, cultural tradition and world outlook of these wisdom books will be examined. Course is conducted in Hebrew. Only one of A Heb 391 & A Rel 391 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): third year Hebrew competence, A Heb 203 or permission of instructor. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 392 (same as A Rel 392) Love Poetry in the Bible (3)
A study of the Song of Songs. The place of this erotic literature in the Hebrew Bible and the puzzling literary form of the work will be examined. Course conducted in Hebrew. Only one of A Heb 392 & A Rel 392 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): 3rd year Hebrew competence, A Heb 203 or permission of instructor. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Heb 450 Hebrew Practicum (4)
Advanced Hebrew students receive undergraduate credit for teaching experience in elementary Hebrew by working with sections of A Heb 101L or 102L. The supervising instructor helps students improve their mastery of Hebrew and discusses pedagogical techniques. This course may be repeated once for credit with approval of the department chair. Prerequisite(s): A Heb 202L or equivalent, and permission of instructor.

A Heb 497 Independent Study in Hebrew (1-6)
Directed readings and conferences on selected topics in Hebrew language and literature. May be repeated for credit when topics differ. Prerequisite(s): permission of instructor and department chair.

Courses in Judaic Studies

A Jst 102 Jewish Civilization II: Medieval and Modern Periods (2)
Year course offered to high school students for college credit. Survey of Jewish history from the Middle Ages to the present with emphasis on the varied experiences and cultural expressions of Jews and Judaism; e.g., Sephardim and Ashkenazim, Rabbinic thought and literature, philosophy, mysticism, emancipation, anti-Semitism, Zionism. May not be taken by students enrolled in college. Pre- or corequisite(s): completion of or current enrollment in high school European history course on Regents or AP level.

A Jst 150 Survey of Jewish Civilization (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Basic orientation into the Jewish tradition from the biblical period to the present. Emphasizes the history and philosophy of Jewish culture and religion. Required for Judaic studies majors and recommended preparation for other A Jst courses in history and philosophy.

A Jst 155 (same as A Rel 155) Judaism: Traditions and Practices (3)
Meets General Education: HD
Examines development of normative Jewish traditions and practices from Rabbinic period to present. Major focus is Jewish religious groups and observances in contemporary United States. Topics include how different Jewish groups situate themselves in American society; Jewish calendar and life-cycle observances; impact of feminism; social action agendas; role of Israel.

A Jst 221 Structure of American Jewish Life (3)
Meets General Education: HD
Offers a general, nonspecialized historical studies approach to the American Jewish experience including the impact of colonial Jewry, antebellum Jewry, Reform and Conservative Judaism, the Yiddish immigrant milieu, Zionism and the State of Israel, the Holocaust, and trends in American Jewish life since World War II. Utilizes historical studies, films, literary works and guest lecturers. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 230 American Jewish Philosophy (3)
Survey of 20th-century American Jewish philosophy. Special attention to the confluence of American and Jewish values. Only one of A Jst 230 & 330 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 240 (same as A Cla 240) Archaeology and Ancient Israel I: Archaeology and the Bible (2)
Important discoveries related to biblical history and literature. Examination of sites, artifacts, texts and scripts from the Bronze Age to the Babylonian exile. Only one of A Jst 240 and A Cla 240 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 241 (same as A Cla 241) Archaeology and Ancient Israel II: Greco-Roman Period (2)
Important discoveries related to postbiblical Jewish life and history. Examination of relevant papyri, the Dead Sea Scrolls, coins, Masada, Jerusalem, burial caves, synagogue art and other topics. Only one of A Jst 241 and A Cla 241 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 242 (same as A Eng 221 & A Rel 221) Old Testament Literature (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Various literary genres of the Old Testament and the culture from which they emerged. Some attention to parallel developments in other literatures and to the influence of the Old Testament on Western life and letters. Only one of A Eng 221, A Jst 242 & A Rel 221 may be taken for credit. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 243 (same as A Ant 243) Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
The main features of the "Middle Eastern culture continent." A comparison of selected societies in Southwest Asia and North Africa. The impact of modernization on preindustrial cities and peasantries in the area. Only one of A Ant 243 & A Jst 243 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 244 The History of Modern Zionism (3)
The background of 19th-century Jewish and European history resulting in the stimulation of Jewish national feeling. The World Zionist Organization (founded 1897)-its activities, problems and ideologies up to 1914. Political and practical developments in Europe, America and Palestine during and between the world wars. The postwar settlement and Zionism since 1948.

A Jst 248 (same as A Wss 248) Women in Jewish Life and Literature (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Examines the various roles of women and the diverse ways they have been represented in Jewish life and literature from the biblical period through the 20th century. Texts will include biblical passages, talmudic legislation and interpretation, medieval documents, early modern memoirs, and modern letters, poetry and fiction. Only one of A Jst 248 & A Wss 248 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 250 (same as A His 250) The Holocaust in History (3)
An examination of the Jewish experience in the Second World War in the broader context of 20th century history. Topics surveyed include anti-Semitism, National Socialism and war crimes in the modern era. Only one of A His 250 & A Jst 250 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 251 Early Israel and Biblical Civilization (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
The history and culture of ancient Israel from its beginnings to the Persian Empire. A survey of the Hebrew Bible (in English) as the major source for the study of early Judaic religious and social forms in the context of the Near East. Only one of A Jst 251, 341 & 341Z may be taken for credit.

A Jst 252 (same as A Rel 252) Jews, Hellenism, and Early Christianity (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
History of the Jewish people from Alexander the Great to the decline of the ancient world. Topics include examination of cultural conflict in Judaea and the diaspora, confrontation with Greco-Roman Hellenism and early Christianity, sectarianism, and the beginnings of Rabbinic institutions. Only one of A Jst 252, 342, 342Z, & A Rel 252 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 253 (same as A Rel 253) Medieval Jews among Muslims and Christians (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Studies Jewish history, life and culture in the contexts of the Muslim and Christian civilizations of the Middle Ages. Discusses differences among Jews, Muslims and Christians; emphasizes reactions to persecution, Jewish autonomy and social life as a minority group in a majority culture, and the development of Jewish law, literature, philosophy and mysticism. Only one of A Jst 253, 343, 343Z & A Rel 253 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 254 (same as A Rel 254) The Jews in the Modern World (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
A survey of modern Jewish history from 1700 to the present, emphasizing the Jewish encounter with modernity in both Western and Eastern Europe. Themes include the struggle for enlightenment and civil rights; religious reforms in Judaism, the Hasidic movement, reactions to anti-Semitism, Jewish nationalist and political movements, the Holocaust, events leading up to the founding of the State of Israel, and Jewish history in the United States. Includes readings from primary sources and fiction. Only one of A Jst 254, 344, 344Z & A Rel 254 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 255 The Holocaust: Lessons & Legacies (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Offers a general, nonspecialized cultural studies approach to the Holocaust, the destruction of European Jewry by Nazi Germany during World War II. Examines European Jewish life as well as the history, cultural significance and public importance of the Holocaust through multiple perspectives. Utilizes historical studies, a film series, literary works and guest lecturers.

A Jst 260 Jews and the Immigrant Experience in America
Meets General Education: HD
Surveys Jewish settlement and acculturation in North America from 1800 to present. Compares the experiences of American Jews with those of other ethnic groups through exploration of issues of ethnicity, class and gender. Utilizes literary and documentary sources, as well as guest lectures.

A Jst 270 Jewish-Christian Relations (3)
Meets General Education: HD
This course compares and contrasts the belief systems and historical contacts, both positive and negative, of Jews and Christians, from the origins of Christianity to the ecumenical movement in the contemporary United States. Only one of A Jst 270 and A Rel 270 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 272 (formerly A Heb 272 & A Jst 172) Modern Hebrew Literature in Translation (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
A Jst 272 introduces the students to representative works of Hebrew literature of the last 100 years. The poetry, short stories and novels address universal themes as they reflect the particular period and conflicts that the Hebrew writers experienced. The issues and themes of the literature include the Jewish encounter with modernity, loss of faith, two world wars, the holocaust, the establishment of the state of Israel and the several wars Israel has fought with its neighbors. Readings and discussion conducted in English. Only one of A Jst 272, 372, and 372Z may be taken for credit.

A Jst 280 (same as A Rel 280) The Torah (3)
General introduction to The Five Books of Moses (in English) considered against a background of religious, social and philosophical aspects. Studies the significance of the Torah in the development of Judaic civilization. Only one of A Jst 280 & A Rel 280 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 281 (same as A Rel 281) The Prophets (3)
Survey of the prophets in general (in English), emphasizing the moral and social role of the individual prophet and his impact upon Judaism and Western civilization. A Jst 281Z & A Rel 281Z are the writing intensive versions of A Jst 281 & A Rel 281; only one may be taken for credit. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 281Z (same as A Rel 281Z) The Prophets (4)
Meets General Education: WI
A Jst 281Z & A Rel 281Z are the writing intensive versions of A Jst 281 & A Rel 281; only one of the four courses may be taken for credit. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 282 (same as A Rel 282) Late Biblical Literature (3)
Examination of books in the "Ketuvim" (Writings) section of the Hebrew Bible and some works of the Apocrypha (in English). Topics include stories (Ruth, Judith), poetry (Psalms, Song of Songs), wisdom (Job, Ecclesiastes), historiography (Chronicles), and apocalyptic (Daniel, II Esdras), and how these works develop themes from earlier biblical literature. Only one of A Jst 282 & A Rel 282 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 291 (same as A Rel 291) Messiah and Messianism in Judaism and Christianity (3)
Meets General Education: CHP
Origins of Jewish and Christian messianism in the Old and New Testaments and related literature. Topics include the projection of a society's ultimate values, and the tension caused by the actual attempts to realize those values; i.e., to achieve salvation through messianic movements. Only one of A Jst 291 & A Rel 291 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 299 Introductory Topics in Judaic Studies (1-3)
An elementary course in Jewish culture, history, philosophy, literature or the Bible that is devoted to a topic or theme, a particular work or works, or a particular author or authors. May be repeated for up to 6 credits when topic differs.

A Jst 325 Talmudic Literature (3)
One tractate of the Talmud studied in English translation. Emphasizes philosophic issues, and also examines scientific and social scientific views. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or a course in philosophy. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 326 Studies in an Individual Judaic Philosopher (3)
The philosopher studied is selected on the basis of faculty and student interest. May be taken more than once if a different philosopher's work is examined. Consult fall and spring schedules for specific philosopher analyzed. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or a course in philosophy. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 330 American Jewish Philosophy (Advanced) (3)
The same as A Jst 230 but on an advanced level. Students attend two A Jst 230 lectures each week but have additional readings, written assignments, and a separate recitation session. Only one of A Jst 230 and 330 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or a course in philosophy.

A Jst 335 (same as A Rel 335) The Holocaust in Christian and Jewish Theology (3)
The Christian and Jewish theological and philosophic response to the genocide committed by the Nazis. Christian theologians deal with Christianity's role in the Holocaust, and Jewish theologians examine the problem of God's justice. Examines the works of Flannery, Eckhardt, Littell, Rubenstein, Fackenheim and Berkovits. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or a course in philosophy. Only one of A Jst 335 and A Rel 335 may be taken for credit. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 337 Existential Jewish Philosophies (3)
The philosophies of the 20th century European Judaic existentialists will be examined. Particular emphasis is placed on the writings of Shestov, Rosenzweig and Buber. Prerequisite(s): A Jst l50 or a course in philosophy. May be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 341Z Issues in Biblical Civilization (4)
Meets General Education: WI
Covers same period as A Jst 251 but on an advanced level. Students attend two A Jst 251 lectures each week but have a separate, more sophisticated reading list, a research paper, and a separate recitation session. Only one of A Jst 251, 341, & 341Z may be taken for credit. The former A Jst 341 does not yield writing intensive credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or 240, or permission of instructor.

Jst 342Z Issues in Hellenistic-Rabbinic Judaism (4)
Meets General Education: WI
Covers same period as A Jst 252 but on an advanced level. Students attend two A Jst 252 lectures each week but have a separate, more sophisticated reading list, a research paper, and a separate recitation session. Only one of A Jst 252, 342, & 342Z may be taken for credit. The former A Jst 342 does not yield writing intensive credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or 241, or permission of instructor.

A Jst 343 Issues in Medieval Jewish History (3)
Covers same period as A Jst 253, but on an advanced level. Students attend class meetings for A Jst 253, but have a separate, more sophisticated reading list, a research paper, and a separate recitation session. A Jst 343Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 343; only one of A Jst 253, 343, & 343Z may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or permission of instructor.

A Jst 343Z Issues in Medieval Jewish History (4)
Meets General Education: WI
A Jst 343Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 343; only one of A Jst 253, 343, & 343Z may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or permission of instructor.

A Jst 344 Issues in Modern Jewish History (3)
Covers the same period as A Jst 254, but on an advanced level. Students attend class meetings for A Jst 254, but have a separate, more sophisticated reading list, a research paper, and a separate recitation session. A Jst 344Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 344. Only one of A Jst 254, 344, & 344Z may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or permission of instructor.

A Jst 344Z Issues in Modern Jewish History (4)
Meets General Education: WI
A Jst 344Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 344. Only one of A Jst 254, 344, & 344Z may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 150 or permission of instructor.

A Jst 351 Jewish American Ethnic Groups (3)
Meets General Education: HD
Comparative analysis of Jewish ethnicity and assimilation in regard to one or more North American ethnic group(s). Social, political, economic and symbolic adaptations. This course is cross-listed with A Ant 351 & 351Z when Jewish ethnicity and assimilation are a major focus of those courses. When cross-listed, A Jst 351Z & A Ant 351Z are the writing intensive versions of A Jst 351 & A Ant 351; only one of the four courses may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior class standing and permission of instructor.

A Jst 351Z Jewish American Ethnic Groups (4)
Meets General Education: HD & WI
This course is cross-listed with A Ant 351 & 351Z when Jewish ethnicity and assimilation are a major focus of those courses. When cross-listed, A Jst 351Z & A Ant 351Z are the writing intensive versions of A Jst 351 & A Ant 351; only one of the four courses may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior class standing and permission of instructor.

A Jst 359 (same as R Pos 359) Israeli Politics (3)
Only one of A Jst 359 & R Pos 359 may be taken for credit.

A Jst 372 Issues in Modern Hebrew Literature (3)
The same as A Jst 272 but on an advanced level intended for Judaic Studies majors and minors. Students attend A Jst 272 lectures but have additional readings, written assignments, and occasional discussion sessions centering on critical and theoretical approaches to modern Hebrew literature. A Jst 372Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 372; only one of A Jst 272, 372, and 372Z may be taken for credit.

A Jst 372Z Issues in Modern Hebrew Literature (4)
Meets General Education: WI
The same as A Jst 272 but on an advanced writing level intended for Judaic Studies majors and minors. Students attend A Jst 272 lectures but have additional readings, extensive written assignments, and occasional discussion sessions centering on critical and theoretical approaches to modern Hebrew literature. A Jst 372Z is the writing intensive version of A Jst 372; only one of A Jst 272, 372, and 372Z may be taken for credit.

A Jst 430 Maimonides and Spinoza (3)
Analyzes the philosophies of Maimonides and Spinoza, and an examination of the influence of the former on the latter. Prerequisite(s): a 300-level course in philosophy. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 445 Post Holocaust Jewish World (3)
Jewish population-numbers and distribution-before and after World War II, including changes through destruction and migration. Forces working for assimilation and integration; organization of Jewish communities, the State of Israel and its relation with the diaspora. Prerequisite(s): A Jst 344. May not be offered during 1998-99.

A Jst 450 Judaic Studies Practicum (3)
Advanced Judaic Studies students receive undergraduate credit for assisting with the elementary Judaic Studies survey course, A Jst 150, by running optional review/discussion classes several times in the semester; by offering one class presentation, which will also be written up as a paper and submitted to the instructor; and by assisting in grading student examinations. Students meet regularly with the instructor who helps students improve their knowledge of Jewish history, discusses pedagogical techniques, and provides extensive data for exam evaluation. Course may be repeated once for credit with approval of department chair. Prerequisite(s): permission of A Jst 150 instructor.

A Jst 490 Judaic Studies Internship (1-6)
Supervised practical experience in an institution of the Jewish community. Students will study the structure and issues of American Jewish communal organization through personal service and directed reading. Course may be repeated once for credit with approval of departmental chair up to a total of 6 credits for both courses. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing and permission of department chair. S/U graded.

A Jst 495 Colloquium in Judaic Studies (3)
Directed readings and conferences involving several members of the faculty for students pursuing undergraduate honors in Judaic studies. To be offered only when requested by students eligible for the honors program. Prerequisite(s): major in Judaic studies and junior or senior class standing.

A Jst 497 Independent Study in Judaic Studies (1-6)
Directed reading and conferences on selected topics in Judaic studies. May be repeated for credit when topics differ. Prerequisite(s): permission of department chair.

A Jst 499 Topics in Judaic Studies (1-3)
In-depth study of selected topics in Jewish history, philosophy, literature or the Bible. May be repeated when topic differs. Prerequisite(s): permission of instructor.