Courses in Women's Studies

A WSS 101/101Z Introduction to Feminisms (3)
The origins and development of feminist thought, with emphasis on the political, social, and economic conditions of contemporary women’s lives in the United States and abroad. Emphasis on student exploration of issues that confront women and men across the range of their differences in race, class and sexual orientation, and that produce multiple orientations to feminism. Based on a pedagogy of peer-learning; co-facilitated by undergraduate members of the Women’s Studies Teaching Internship working under the supervision of Women’s Studies faculty and graduate students from related departments. Only one version of A WSS 101 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 106 U.S. Women Who Changed Our World (3)
American women have a long history of great achievements despite social constraints based on gender, racial-ethnic heritage, social class, sexual preference, age, and ableness. This course introduces students to U.S. women whose lives and work have had a significant impact on our world. With the women’s own words through documentary videos and primary and secondary sources, students will connect women from our past to today’s women in politics, sports, medicine, the law, music, art, literature, social activism, education, science, architecture, or journalism.

A WSS 109X Women, Biology and Health (3)
This introduction to an integrated approach to women’s biology analyzes biological and social influences affecting women’s physical and mental health. Attention is given to similarities and differences in biology and health across gender, racial/ethnic, and class groupings. Intended for freshmen and sophomores.

A WSS 171 (= A RUS 171) Women in Russian Culture (3)
The course will examine the roles of women in Russian culture through a study of film, as well as literary works by and about women. Only one version of A WSS 171 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 190 (= A RUS 190) Women Writers in Russian Literature (3)
The course examines Russian women’s writings beginning with the 18th century to the present. The texts are studied in the context of Russian literature in general and women’s writings in particular. It includes: autobiographies by Catherine the Great, Alexandra Durova, and Nadezda Mandelshtam; prose works by Karolina Pavlovana, Elena Guro, Tatjana Tolstaia, and the plays by Liudmila Petrushevskaia.

A WSS 202/202Z Introduction to Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual, Transgender and Queer Studies (LGBTQ) (3)
Topics may include the history of lesbian and gay culture(s) in the U.S., lesbian and gay civil rights movements, questions of sexual identity formation in historical and cultural contexts, lesbian and gay literature, and how these communities have responded to societal issues such as racism, classism, sexism, healthcare crises, and anti-gay violence. Only one version of A WSS 202 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 210 Current Issues in Women’s Studies (3)
An introduction to issues of concern to contemporary women and men. Within the context of difference identified by race, class, and sexuality, the course is organized around a variety of topics, which may include the following: body politics; relationships, families, and households; living in a global economy; work, wages, and welfare; women’s health; women and crime; environmental concerns; masculinities; artistic and musical expression; and making change in one’s community. Designed for but not limited to non-majors.

A WSS 217 (= A MUS 217) Women and Music (3)
An examination of the contributions of women in music through a historical survey of Western art music and a brief survey of popular and non-Western music. Works by women composers as well as other phases of women’s activities as musicians will be studied. Live performances and interviews will be arranged when possible. Only one version of A WSS 217 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 220/220Z Introduction to Feminist Theory (3)
Offers multidisciplinary, introductory perspectives on intersectional feminist theory and considers the range of frameworks for analysis from the beginnings of “second wave” feminism to the present, including liberal, lesbian/radical, socialist/materialist, women of color, psychoanalytic, standpoint, and ecofeminist perspectives. Only one version of A WSS 220 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 240/240V/240X/240Z (= A AAS 240/240V/240X/240Z & A LCS 240V/240X/240Z) Classism, Racism, and Sexism: Issues (3)
Analyzes the connections between and among classism, racism, sexism, and heterosexism and homophobia, their mutually reinforcing nature, and the tensions arising from their interrelations. Particular attention will be given to the ideological and personal aspects of these phenomena, as well as to their institutional guises in American society. Only one version of A WSS 240 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 241/241Z (= A AAS 241/241Z & A LCS 241/241Z) Science, Technology, and Social Justice (3)
What does inequality look like in the 21st century? Through critical reading of science and technology reporting, popular media (including film, video, and the web), scholarly articles, and speculative fiction, Science, Technology, and Social Justice will explore how science and technology can serve to perpetuate—or challenge!—oppression in the information age. Feminist science and technology scholarship will be used as the framework for exploring topics such as new reproductive technologies, environmental racism, “mythological” measurements (from IQ tests to DNA samples), organ harvesting, the “digital divide,” electronic surveillance, bio- and nanotechnology. Only one version of A WSS 241 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 248 (= A JST 248) Women in Jewish Life and Literature (3)
Examines the various roles of women and diverse ways they have been represented in Jewish life and literature from the biblical period through the 20th century. Texts will include biblical passages, talmudic legislation and interpretation, medieval documents, early modern memoirs, and modern letters, poetry, and fiction. Only one version of A WSS 248 may be taken for credit. 

A WSS 260/260X (= A HIS 259/259X) History of Women and Social Change (3)
With an emphasis on the diversity of U.S. women, this course examines the social, historical, and economic forces that have shaped U.S. women’s lives from about 1800-1970 and the contexts within which women have participated in and sometimes led social and political movements. Only one version of A WSS 260 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 262 (= A SOC 262) Sociology of Gender (3)
This course examines how gender is socially constructed in contemporary U.S. society. The course examines how gender orders our everyday lives-our sense of self, our friendships, romances, conversations, clothing, body image, entertainment, work, sexuality, and parenthood. Students will learn how conceptions about gender create and enforce a system of gender difference and inequality. This course will examine the lives, experiences and representations of heterosexual and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered and queer (LGBTQ) persons. The course will reveal the “common sense” world of gender that surrounds us by exposing the workings of institutions such as the family, the classroom, the workplace, and the media. Throughout the course we will emphasize the ways in which people experience gender opportunities and constraints differently according to their race, gender, class, and sexuality. Only one version of A WSS 262 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A SOC 115 or permission of instructor.

A WSS 270 (= A EAS 270) Women in East Asian Literature (3)
Female persona in East Asian literature will be examined in relation to their cultural background as well as the genres in which they appear. Women as rulers and lovers; as goddesses and prostitutes; exemplars and shrews. Conducted in English; no knowledge of the East Asian languages or cultures is required. Only one version of A WSS 270  may be taken for credit.

A WSS 280 Society’s Nightmare: Images of Gender, Race, and Class in Horror Fiction (3)
Horror fiction and film are among the most popular genres, as well as the most powerful and disturbing, in American cultural life. Stephen King, Anne Rice, and others have risen to success by creating finely crafted expressions of the nightmare of the inner lives of their readers. This course explores what 20th century horror fiction and films tell us about the inner life of the century.

A WSS 281 Women and the Media (3)
This course will explore how intersections of race, gender, class, nationality, sexuality, age, and (dis)ability shape representations of women in mass media and popular culture. We will also learn to research and analyze various media sources, as well as engage in creative projects to examine such representations and challenge issues of sexual objectification and societal dominance. Recommended (as opposed to required) courses prior to or during enrollment: A WSS 101, A WSS 220, or A WSS/A AAS/A LCS 240.

A WSS 282Z Narratives and Counter-Narratives (3)
This interdisciplinary, writing intensive course examines feminist responses to “master narratives”/different narrative forms – including literary, ethnographic, scientific, numerical, digital, cinematic, musical, popular, etc. – which silence or prompt alternative narratives that address concerns from marginal perspectives. Students will create their own counter-narratives as a final project while assessing these issues.

A WSS 299 Topics in Women’s Studies (1-3)
Consideration of topics or issues in women’s studies. May be taken more than once if content varies. Consult semester schedules for specific topics and prerequisites.

A WSS 303 Popular Technology: Advocacy and Activism in an Age of IT (3)
How can activists, scientists, and scholars democratize science and technology? This seminar explores the social, historical, and ethical dimensions of modern technology through the lens of global social movements and activism. Students will be introduced to basic social movements and activism. Students will be introduced to basic social movement theory as well as concepts from science and technology studies (STS) and feminist theory in order to examine the socio-economic and ideological barriers to creating science and technology oriented more toward human needs. Topics may include appropriate technology in the “developing” world; women’s and community health movements; community supported agriculture; popular epidemiology in global AIDS organizing; environmental justice; and the Indy Media movement. The course offers the option of completing a team-based, service-learning project in collaboration with a local community-building organization. Community partners include organizations focusing on community health, environmental justice, technology access, independent media, etc.

A WSS 308 Global Perspectives on Women (3)
The course addresses women’s issues in the local context of women’s movements in several regions and countries around the world as articulated by feminist scholars within those countries, with some attention to the relationship between U.S. women and global feminist struggles. Interdisciplinary readings, including fiction and feminist theory, bring the perspective of gender to global/international political and economic structures. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing.

A WSS 309 Activism and Health (3)
This course investigates current concerns about health through transnationalfeminist analysis and activism in the context of social change movements. Feminist and related movements for social justice have long recognized health as a basic human right. Many of the world’s nations, however, including the United States, do not. Topics will vary with current critical issues but may include achievements and struggles of women’s health movements; the control of birthing practices and reproduction; illness and mortality across socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, sexualities, and geographic regions; and scientific evidence, cultural beliefs, and economic interests in different healthcare systems. Mainly for sophomores and juniors. Prerequisite(s): preferably at least one course in women’s studies or health/biology. A WSS 109 is the best preparation for this course.

A WSS 310 Introduction to Feminist Pedagogy (3)
In-depth study of issues central to contemporary feminism, with special emphasis on group process, self-motivated learning and social change through education. For students who wish to prepare to co-facilitate A WSS 101 as members of the Women’s Studies Teaching Internship. Prerequisite(s): A WSS 101, and either A WSS 220 or 240, and 360 (which may be taken concurrently with A WSS 310), and permission of Chair of the Women’s Studies Department. S/U graded.

A WSS 311Z (= A CLC 310Z) Women in Antiquity (3)
The literary, historical and archaeological evidence concerning the lives and roles of women in Greek and Roman society. Only one version of A WSS 311Z may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing.

A WSS 320 Feminist Pedagogy in Theory (3)
Continuation of A WSS 310 for students who are members of the Women’s Studies Teaching Internship. Theory is discussed in the context of students serving as facilitators in sections of A WSS 101. Students work under supervision in a collaborative, collective mode of shared responsibility and leadership. Taken concurrently with A WSS 322Y. Prerequisite(s): A WSS 310 and 360, and permission of chair.

A WSS 322Y Feminist Pedagogy in Practice (3)
With preparation from A WSS 310 and, concurrently A WSS 320, students serve as facilitators in sections of A WSS 101 under faculty supervision. This course can be taken only once for credit. Prerequisite(s): A WSS 310 and 360, and permission of Chair of Women’s Studies.

A WSS 326 (= A SOC 326) Sociology of Race, Gender, and Class (3)
Examination of contemporary social constructions of race, gender, and class (primarily) in the United States. Analysis of race, gender, and class as interlocking systems that stratify society. Discussion of key institutions that construct race, gender, and class – especially the media, education, and the political economy. Focus on: both oppressed and privileged positions in the social hierarchies; how we learn about our own and others’ race/ethnicity, gender, and social class; how being a member of a particular social category (e.g., a woman or a man; a white person or a person of color; rich, poor, or middle class) affects perspectives and opportunities. Prerequisite(s): A SOC 115.

A WSS 328 (= A GOG 328 & A PLN 328) Gender, Space, and Place (3)
Power relations and categories of social difference are reflected by dramatic inequalities in local environments, and in the quantity and quality of available space. This course examines, through the lenses of feminist geography and planning, how space is invested with social meaning. It discusses how the built environment affects and reflects relations of gender, sexuality, and ethnicity, and considers how these social classifications produce “geographies of difference.” Gender is also related to nationalism, colonialism, “geographic skills,” and feminist research methodologies. Only one version of A WSS 328 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A GOG 125 or A PLN 220, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 330 Gender, Class, and Community in Modern China (3)
This course examines the meanings of gender, class, and community in the Chinese cultural context. Topics include: construction and representations of gender and sexuality in modern China; family and kinship systems; media and consumer culture; urbanization and modernism. Developments in Taiwan will be included where appropriate.

A WSS 333 (= R POS 333) Women and the Law (3)
This course surveys the relationship between women and the law, looking at the way that women have been defined as legal subjects over time and through intersections of gender, sexual orientation, race, and class. The course focuses on the United States, but may also include discussion of women’s status in international law and cross-national comparisons of legal policies. Only one version of A WSS 333 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): R POS 101 and junior or senior standing, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 336/336W/336Y/336Z (= A MUS 336/336W/336Y/336Z) Representations: Music, Gender, Race, and Class (3)
This course will examine portrayals of gender, race and class across a wide range of musical media, including film, opera, theater, and song. Through a series of theoretical readings and listening/viewing assignments, we will investigate historical and contemporary issues concerning self-representation and the representation of others. Who has the right to speak, and for whom? How can music convey ideas about identity? The many ways music communicates meaning will be explored through lectures, discussion, small-group presentations, and independent writing projects. Only one version of A WSS 336 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A MUS 100 or permission of instructor.

A WSS 342X Electronic Publishing in Women’s Studies (3)
In this course, we will edit and publish an e-journal. In the first part of the course, we study the impact of digital media on how we read, write, and access information. We apply this new knowledge to create and maintain a mock website. In the second part of the course, we edit and publish one issue of the electronic journal, “transcending silence....”

A WSS 344/344Z (= A SOC 344/344Z) Sociology of Women in the Political Economy (3)
The different economic roles women play. The socio-historical determinants of these roles and their implications for the individual and society. Only one version of A WSS 344 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A SOC 115 or permission of instructor.

A WSS 346 (= R POS 346) Law, Civil Rights, and Sexual Orientation (3)
The course will examine relevant court cases as well as local, state, and federal laws that define the boundaries for legal recognition of sexual orientation and personal sexuality in the 20th Century. Only one version of A WSS 346 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 350 (= A PHI 350) Philosophy and Feminism (3)
Examination of the theories of the oppression of women and proposals for solutions. Particular attention will be paid to existentialism, biological determinism, Marxism, and feminist psychology and epistemology. Only one version of A WSS 350 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): one course in philosophy or women’s studies. 

A WSS 357 (= A EAC 357 & A HIS 357) Chinese Women and Modernity (3)
Chinese women and their search for and encounter with modernity will be the focus of this class. What have been the concerns of Chinese women? What forms have women’s movements taken in the Chinese context? What has been the role of women in creating a modern Chinese state and society? These and other questions will be examined over the course of the semester. Only one version of A WSS 357 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 360 Feminist Social and Political Thought (3)
Study of the sources of contemporary feminist thought and the directions feminism has taken since the 60s. Contemporary feminism analyzed both as a historical movement and as a body of political theory. Particular attention will be paid to diversity within feminist theory and its differences with traditional political theory. Prerequisite(s): A WSS 101 or 220 or R POS 101, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 361 Gender and Nation in World Cinema (3)
The aim of this course is to apply critical race, postcolonial and feminist theories to the examination of intersections between gender and nation that occur in cinematic representations from different world regions. We will explore national cinemas in historical, transnational, cultural, and political contexts and reflect on these issues through critical thinking and writing exercises. In a given semester, the course may focus on—through the cross-cultural lens—one geographical region, cultural tradition, or theme. May be repeated once for credit if content varies. This course fulfills the general education global and cross-cultural perspectives requirement. Prerequisite(s): recommended but not required: A WSS 281 or 282.

A WSS 362 (= A ENG 362) Critical Approaches to Gender and Sexuality in Literature (3)
Examination of the role of Anglophone literary texts from any period(s) in the construction of gender and sexuality, with an emphasis on study of interpretive strategies provided by various critical discourses. Topics to be discussed may include, among others: aesthetic movements; historical problems; cultural texts; political questions. Only one version of A WSS 362 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 363 (= A SOC 362) Sociology of Sexualities (3)
This course reviews the core of the sociology of sexuality from a socio-historical perspective. Among the topics to be discussed are the theoretical approaches to sexuality, the making of sexual identities, the relationship between sexuality and social institutions, and sexual politics and ethics. Specific examples include hip-hop sexualities, gay marriage, sexual tourism, transgender identities, and heterosexual intimacy. Only one version of A WSS 362 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A SOC 115.

A WSS 365 (= A ANT 365) The Anthropology of New Reproductive Technologies (3)
A cross-cultural perspective on how new reproductive technologies (including in vitro fertilization, surrogacy, ultrasound, prenatal screening for disability, sex selection, fetal surgery, and neonatal intensive care) are transforming the experience of procreation and challenging cultural notions of kinship, personhood, and what it means to be human. Only one version of A WSS 365 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): 3 credits in anthropology, philosophy, or women’s studies.

A WSS 366 (= A ENG 366) Critical Approaches to Ethnicity in Literature (3)
Examination of constructions of "race" and/or "ethnicity" as presented in Anglophone literature. Topics to be discussed may include, among others: how markers of nationality are related to issues of sexuality, class, and other cultural-historical ways of accounting for the complex questions that surround identity. May be repeated once for credit when content varies.

A WSS 368 (= A ENG 368) Women Writers (3)
Selected works of English and/or American women writers in the context of the literary and cultural conditions confronting them. The course focuses on the development of a female tradition in literature and on the narrative, poetic, and/or dramatic styles of expression, voice and values of women writers. May be repeated once for credit when content varies.

A WSS 371/371Z (= A PSY 371/371Z) Sexual and Physical Abuse (3)
In depth coverage of abuse and neglect of children and elderly people; relationship violence in heterosexual, lesbian and gay relationships; rape and other forms of sexual coercion; sexual abuse of children; child pornography and prostitution; and sexual harassment. Research and theories from diverse areas of psychology will be used. Emphasis will be on prevention. Only one version of A WSS 371 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A PSY 101 and 210 or an equivalent statistics course approved by instructor, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 381/381Z (= A ANT 381/381Z) Anthropology of Gender (3)
The history of and current trends in anthropological theories of gender. Specific issues are raised in the form of questions, including: On what bases is gender identity constructed? What factors affect the relative status of men and women in different cultures? How many genders are there? What constitutes "femininity" and "masculinity" cross-culturally? Theoretical issues in the literature are linked to policy debates throughout the world, such as those over gay families, female genital cutting, abortion, and the use of new reproductive technologies. Only one version of A WSS 381 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): one course in anthropology or sociology.

A WSS 395 (= A EAJ 395 & A HIS 370) History of Women in Modern Japan (3)
This course traces the complex history of women in modern Japan from the 19th century to the present, presenting multiple experiences and perspectives drawn from a diverse group of women ranging from housewives to factory workers and from radical revolutionaries to powerful political leaders. With an emphasis on the many social, economic, educational, and political changes at work during this period, this course will examine the interplay between a number of issues as they relate to the lives of women and include such topics as domesticity, production, consumption, class, and sexuality, as well as the ways in which the images and practices associated with each continue to shift and change over time. Only one version of A WSS 395 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A EAS 270 or A EAJ 384 or 385.

A WSS 397 Independent Study (1–4)
Study by a student in an area of special interest not treated in courses currently offered. Work performed under direction of a professor chosen by the student on a topic approved by the program. May be repeated with approval. Prerequisite(s): permission of Chair of the Women’s Studies Department.

A WSS 399 Topics in Women’s Studies (1–3)
Consideration of topics or issues in women’s studies selected on the basis of faculty and student interest. May be taken more than once when content varies. Consult fall and spring schedule of classes for specific topics and prerequisites.

A WSS 401/401Z Sex/uality, Race, and Class in Science and Health (3)
This seminar will investigate the rich and problematic relationship between the sciences and issues of sex/gender, sexuality, race, class, and ableness, including cultural biases in science and health. Drawing on the new scholarship about women in the sciences in this country, we will investigate the changing status and activities of women over the past two centuries and the consequences for the sciences and technology. Within an historical context, the course will emphasize the impact of anti-racist feminism on the sciences and health in the past three decades. Key analytical questions include: How is scientific knowledge made, believed, and used? What forces control its production and use? What constitutes evidence in science—for scientists and for citizens, and how is that decided? What role do “western” science and technology play in globalization and its impact on people’s lives within the U.S. and throughout the world? What forces are working to transform science to increase social, political, and economic justice? What theoretical and practical insights accrue from intersectional feminist analyses (working with the intersections of sex/gender, racial/ethnic heritage, class, ableness, and global status) of science and health? What is the potential for feminist science studies to transform the sciences and health? Examples of specific topics that may be addressed are biological determinism, environmental pollution, and breast cancer science and politics. Only one version of A WSS 401 may be taken for credit.

A WSS 412 Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics in the Asian Diaspora (3)
This course has an emphasis on historical perspectives as well as the intersections of gender, class, and race/ethnicity. It studies the phenomenon of the Asian Diaspora dating from late 18th century to the present. Topics include: immigration laws; labor and work; family and community formation; the processes of reconstruction of history and memory; politics of media representation. In a given semester, the focus may be on Asians in one geographic region such as the Americas, Europe, Africa, or the Pacific Rim. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing. 

A WSS 413 (= A HIS 413) Sexual Politics in Chinese History (3)
This course examines sexual politics in the Chinese historical/cultural context. Issues discussed and analyzed include: constructions of gender and sexuality (including homosexuality); “policing” of family and kinship structures; ideological indoctrination through education and other means; rape laws; sex crimes; forms of dissent or protest. Readings include literature in translation. Only one version of A WSS 413 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing.

A WSS 416 (= A ENG 416) Topics in Gender, Sexuality, Race, or Class (3)
Focused examination of topics in the study of gender, sexuality, race and/or class, as they are positioned and defined in literary or other texts from any period(s) or geographic region(s). Individual semesters may focus on, among other areas: a particular historical period, genre, or theme; theories of gender, sexuality, race, and/or class as related to literary or other forms of representation; a particular cultural problem. May be repeated once for credit when content varies. Prerequisite(s): senior standing, at least one literature course, and permission of instructor.

A WSS 430Z (= A LCS 430Z) Environmental Justice: Racism, Classism, Sexism (3)
In Environmental Justice: Racism, Classism, and Sexism, we will explore how racism, classism, and sexism impact current environmental “events,” including environmental policy-making, public health outcomes, and the rhetoric and politics of environmentalism. Surveying the development of environmental awareness among the public, philosophies behind such awarenesses, and resulting shifts in policy, we will focus on the growth of the environmental justice movement, and will consider how various groups have addressed environmental degradation and injustice. Also under consideration will be a set of related issues: how globalization has impacted these events, the feminist critique of science and its impact, relationships between grass-roots activism (for example, native American activists and other Environmental Justice groups) and between these groups and more scholarly approaches, and contributions by artists, labor-rights groups, religious leaders, animal rights activists, and deep ecologists. Prerequisite(s): Students, at whatever level, are welcome. The requirements will differ for graduate and undergraduate students. For example, graduate students will be reading more theoretical articles, and will be responsible for explaining these to the undergraduate students. In addition, graduate students will be required to submit a final research paper that is much longer (12-20 pages) than that required for undergraduate students. Only one version of A WSS 430Z may be taken for credit.

A WSS 433 (= R POS 433) Women, Politics, and Power (3)
Examines the role of women within American society; identifies the systematic factors that have contributed to women’s sociopolitical exclusion; investigates selected contemporary ideologies that posit a redefinition of the power relationships within society as the primary political objective. Only one version of  A WSS 433 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): R POS 101 or permission of instructor.

A WSS 442 (= A DOC 442) Transmedia Storytelling (3)
Students in this workshop learn how to use a variety of new media tools, including--but not restricted to--digital videos, interactive web pages, and animation software, to create a set of linked stories about a singular historical or newsworthy event. Additionally, students learn to search for, collect, and analyze primary sources--e.g. news stories, first-person accounts, government records, cultural artifacts, ephemera, found footage, etc.--stored in archives, libraries, museums, and online databases. Through the processes of research and reflection, students learn to understand the intersections and consequences of class, gender, race, and nationality. The workshop format enables students to participate fully as active learners and peer teachers. Only one version of A WSS 442 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): junior or senior standing, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 450 The Literature of Feminism: An Interdisciplinary Seminar (3)
Draws upon the entire body of writing (fictional and nonfictional) that concerns feminism. In different semesters, focuses on different themes, periods, ideas, or issues related to feminism. Combines readings, lectures, seminar discussions, and research. May be repeated for credit when content varies. Prerequisite(s): permission of instructor.

A WSS 451 (= A HIS 451 & A LCS 451) Gender & Class in Latin American Development (3)
The study of the historical interplays of cultural, ideological, and structural factors affecting women’s lives during the course of Latin America’s experience with modernization and industrialization during the 19th and 20th centuries. Topics covered may include: household work, paid work, migration, growth of female headed households, women’s political participation, and women’s participation in social movements. Only one version of A WSS 451 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): any course in Latin American studies and/or women’s studies and/or history.

A WSS 461 (= A ARH 461) Women in Cinema (3)
A multi-dimensional examination of women in cinema—as they are seen in films, as they make films, as they see films. Addresses the contributions of women through the first one hundred years of cinema and analyzes various genres. Women studied include: Dorothy Arzner, Marilyn Monroe, Bette Davis, Joan Crawford, Anita Loos, Frances Marion, Ida Lupino, Verna Fields, Barbra Streisand, Lillian Gish, Lenore Coffee, and others. Only one version of A WSS 461 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A ARH 260.

A WSS 465 Feminist Theory (3)
The course will examine key changes in feminist theory from the late 1960’s to the present. It will assess changes in the way feminists have thought about such topics as: motherhood, sexuality, the origin and nature of women’s oppression, class, race, and differences among women. Attention will be given to the political implications of changes in theory. Prerequisite(s): one of A WSS 220, A WSS 240, or A WSS 360, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 475/475Z (= A ARH 475/475Z; formerly A WSS 455) Women in Art (3)
Survey of women artists from 1550 to the present, including Artemesia Gentileschi, Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun, Mary Cassatt, Alice Neel. Also includes a feminist analysis of images of women in art since the Renaissance. Only one version of A WSS 475 may be taken for credit. Prerequisite(s): A ARH 171 and junior or senior class standing, or permission of instructor.

A WSS 490Z Research Seminar in Women’s Studies (3)
Seminar in the theory and practice of women’s studies research to examine what distinguishes women’s studies from other disciplines; the relationship between feminist research and community/political activism; how feminist research is changing the traditional disciplines and the methods used in research. Prerequisite(s): senior standing or permission of instructor.

A WSS 492Y Internship in Women’s Studies (3)
The Internship in Women’s Studies has two components. (1) Work experience in a placement related to student’s interests in career development and social justice. Interns are expected to spend eight (8) hours per week at their placements. Each student works closely with a feminist mentor who provides guidance on projects as well as an analysis of the structure and function of the organization and its role in social change. (2) Academic seminar where students meet together weekly to apply feminist theory, praxis, and analysis to their placement. Assignments include preparing a resume, analyzing current issues of workplace and economic justice, career development, assessing skills for and barriers to career development, and planning for graduate or professional school. The Internship is a requirement for the major but is open to any responsible junior or senior who has taken a course in Women’s Studies. Prerequisite(s): permission of Internship Director is required; placements must be arranged during advanced registration. Internships are open only to qualified juniors and seniors who have an overall grade point average of 2.50 or higher.

A WSS 495 Honors Project (3)
Independent research project required for successful completion of Women’s Studies Honors. In order to register for this course, students must present a written prospectus of their project to the Director of the Women’s Studies Honors Program. Students complete their Honors Project under the supervision of the Director of the Honors Program and an Honors Project Adviser. Honors students will present their projects to Women’s Studies faculty and students upon completion of their work. Prerequisite(s): Admission to Women’s Studies Honors Program and A WSS 490Z (may be taken concurrently).

A WSS 497 Topics in LGBTQ Studies (3)
Considers topics or issues in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer studies selected on the basis of faculty and student interest. May be repeated fr credit when content varies. Consult fall and spring schedule of classes for the specific topics and prerequisites.

A WSS 498 Topics in Women’s Studies (3)
Considers topics or issues in women’s studies selected on the basis of faculty and student interest. May be repeated for credit when content varies. Consult fall and spring schedule of classes for specific topics and prerequisites.